Monday, September 22, 2008
Friday, September 19, 2008
Muddiest Question
Is there a way to compress files with the certainty that all the information included can be retrieved?
Week 5 Reading Notes
Data Compression--Wikipedia
Data compression saves data using fewer bits.
ZIP files store many source files in a single destination output file.
Compression helps to reduce the use of expensive resources.
Lossless compression reduces redundancy in order to reduce file size.
"Lossless compression schemes are reversible so that the original data can be reconstructed, while lossy schemes accept some loss of data in order to achieve higher compression."
Lossy is used on digital cameras, DVDs and audios.
Claude Shannon created information theory and rate distortion theory.
DEFLATE is used w/ GIF image.
Jorma Rissanen created arithmetic coding which "achieves superior compression to the better-known Huffman algorithm."
You Tube and libraries: It could be a beautiful relationship
Steps to getting started
create a youtube account
edit your channel information-to identify the library
record video
upload video
Advantages
you can upload videos in any format
Maximum file size is 100MB or 10 minutes
Remember to get permission to upload television shows, music, videos, music concerts or commercials
You can even send a video to a blog or cell phone
RSS feeds can notify patrons of new content.
How to use it?
Storehouse of instructional videos
use to introduce resources to campus students (Library Mystery Tour-Williams College Library)
Screen Capture software can be used to build tutorials for the library
University of Pittsburgh Grant
Grant from IMLS to "create a shared gateway to visual image collections in the Pittsburgh region
Institutions included
Archives Service Center at Pitt
Library and Archives of the Historical Society of Western PA
Carnegie Museum of Art
Characteristics of the Web gateway
Users will be able to
-Conduct a keyword search
-Browse images
-Read about collections and their contents
-Explore the collections by time, place, and theme
-Order image reproductions
Communications between the 3 organizations is one challenge
-solved partly with e-mail distribution lists
-web postings
-meetings
Each institution has different goals too
Image selection is guided be LOC subject headings.
However, the different institutions have more specific resources for controlled vocabulary, so it was decided to use the DC elements with the LOCSH, and each institution can add their own controlled vocabulary if they wish in addition.
Copyright issues
-generic copyright for all items
-more specific copyright given by the institutions for some items
Outcome tests
-Do the collections meet the research needs of the users?
-How many times do each part of the collection get accessed?
Data compression saves data using fewer bits.
ZIP files store many source files in a single destination output file.
Compression helps to reduce the use of expensive resources.
Lossless compression reduces redundancy in order to reduce file size.
"Lossless compression schemes are reversible so that the original data can be reconstructed, while lossy schemes accept some loss of data in order to achieve higher compression."
Lossy is used on digital cameras, DVDs and audios.
Claude Shannon created information theory and rate distortion theory.
DEFLATE is used w/ GIF image.
Jorma Rissanen created arithmetic coding which "achieves superior compression to the better-known Huffman algorithm."
You Tube and libraries: It could be a beautiful relationship
Steps to getting started
create a youtube account
edit your channel information-to identify the library
record video
upload video
Advantages
you can upload videos in any format
Maximum file size is 100MB or 10 minutes
Remember to get permission to upload television shows, music, videos, music concerts or commercials
You can even send a video to a blog or cell phone
RSS feeds can notify patrons of new content.
How to use it?
Storehouse of instructional videos
use to introduce resources to campus students (Library Mystery Tour-Williams College Library)
Screen Capture software can be used to build tutorials for the library
University of Pittsburgh Grant
Grant from IMLS to "create a shared gateway to visual image collections in the Pittsburgh region
Institutions included
Archives Service Center at Pitt
Library and Archives of the Historical Society of Western PA
Carnegie Museum of Art
Characteristics of the Web gateway
Users will be able to
-Conduct a keyword search
-Browse images
-Read about collections and their contents
-Explore the collections by time, place, and theme
-Order image reproductions
Communications between the 3 organizations is one challenge
-solved partly with e-mail distribution lists
-web postings
-meetings
Each institution has different goals too
Image selection is guided be LOC subject headings.
However, the different institutions have more specific resources for controlled vocabulary, so it was decided to use the DC elements with the LOCSH, and each institution can add their own controlled vocabulary if they wish in addition.
Copyright issues
-generic copyright for all items
-more specific copyright given by the institutions for some items
Outcome tests
-Do the collections meet the research needs of the users?
-How many times do each part of the collection get accessed?
Friday, September 12, 2008
Week 4 Reading notes
Database from Wikipedia
"A computer database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system"
The software to organize a database is a database management system. (DBMS)
The 90s brought along object oriented databases.
The 2000s brought along XML databases.
Types of database organization:
-Hierarchical-data is organized in an inverted tree structure
-Network-records can be a part of any number of named relationships
A relational database used the relations from a field of set theory notion.
SQL-special database language that users use to ask the database a "question".
A Network model database allows a record to be accessed w/o the one above it being accessed.
Database transactions use the ACID rule
-A=Atomicity-transactions must all be done or none of them be done
-C=Consistency-integrity constraints must be preserved
-I=Isolation-two transactions cannot interfere with one another
-D=Durability-transactions cannot be aborted
Three types of replication
-Master/Slave all requests are first performed by the master then copied by the slave
-Quorum-majority rules!
-Multimaster-syncs via transaction identifier
Security enforcement
-Access control
-auditing
-encryption
Setting the Stage by Anne J Gilliland
Metadata is "data about data".
Content, context and structure are reflected through metadata.
"Library metadata includes indexes, abstracts, and catalog records created according to cataloging rules and structural and content standards such as MARC, LCSH, and AAT.
Types of Metadata-
administrative
descriptive
preservation
technical
use
Attributes and characteristics of metadata
Source of metadata
method of creation
nature of metadata
status
structure
semantics
level
Lifecycle of digital data
-Creation and multiversioning
-Organization-categorizing once an object is digitized
-Searching and retrieval-metadata created for users to search and retrieve the object via computer
-Utilization-object being used in the digital format
-Preservation and disposition-making sure the metadata are usable(upkeep)
An Overview of the Dublin Core Data Model--Eric Miller
"The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative is a international effort designed to foster consensus across disciplines for the discovery-oriented description of diverse resources in an electronic environment"
DCMI focuses on Semantic Clarification and identification of common cross-domain qualifiers.
Basis for DCMI requirements:
-Internationalization
-Modularization/Extensibility
-Element Identity
-Semantic Refinement
-Identification of encoding schemes
-Specification of controlled vocabulary
-Identification of structured compound values
"A computer database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system"
The software to organize a database is a database management system. (DBMS)
The 90s brought along object oriented databases.
The 2000s brought along XML databases.
Types of database organization:
-Hierarchical-data is organized in an inverted tree structure
-Network-records can be a part of any number of named relationships
A relational database used the relations from a field of set theory notion.
SQL-special database language that users use to ask the database a "question".
A Network model database allows a record to be accessed w/o the one above it being accessed.
Database transactions use the ACID rule
-A=Atomicity-transactions must all be done or none of them be done
-C=Consistency-integrity constraints must be preserved
-I=Isolation-two transactions cannot interfere with one another
-D=Durability-transactions cannot be aborted
Three types of replication
-Master/Slave all requests are first performed by the master then copied by the slave
-Quorum-majority rules!
-Multimaster-syncs via transaction identifier
Security enforcement
-Access control
-auditing
-encryption
Setting the Stage by Anne J Gilliland
Metadata is "data about data".
Content, context and structure are reflected through metadata.
"Library metadata includes indexes, abstracts, and catalog records created according to cataloging rules and structural and content standards such as MARC, LCSH, and AAT.
Types of Metadata-
administrative
descriptive
preservation
technical
use
Attributes and characteristics of metadata
Source of metadata
method of creation
nature of metadata
status
structure
semantics
level
Lifecycle of digital data
-Creation and multiversioning
-Organization-categorizing once an object is digitized
-Searching and retrieval-metadata created for users to search and retrieve the object via computer
-Utilization-object being used in the digital format
-Preservation and disposition-making sure the metadata are usable(upkeep)
An Overview of the Dublin Core Data Model--Eric Miller
"The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative is a international effort designed to foster consensus across disciplines for the discovery-oriented description of diverse resources in an electronic environment"
DCMI focuses on Semantic Clarification and identification of common cross-domain qualifiers.
Basis for DCMI requirements:
-Internationalization
-Modularization/Extensibility
-Element Identity
-Semantic Refinement
-Identification of encoding schemes
-Specification of controlled vocabulary
-Identification of structured compound values
Tuesday, September 9, 2008
Assignment 2 Flickr Pics
The link to my pictures on Flickr is
http://www.flickr.com/photos/30190803@N08/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/30190803@N08/
Friday, September 5, 2008
Week 3 Readings Post
Linux--
-Unix was widely used by companies or universities until the 1990s when the home PC became fast enough to support it.
-Linus was then developed to use the Unix OS on a PC.
-The writers of Linus were careful to use POSIX standards to provide consistency.
-Bell Labs developed the Unix system with the idea that it could run from a basic Kernal that is system specific then the rest would be open source code that could be used by any system.
-Linux can also be used on PDAs, mobiles and wrist watches.
-Developers have made Linux to resemble windows to make it user friendly.
-Open Source software can be adapted to serve the users needs.
-Linux is free and can be used on any hardware platform, but can be confusing to beginners.
-Linux is written in C programming language.
MAC OS X
-It is am implementation on UNIX in Nextstep.
-It was developed by Steve Jobs.
-It is used on the computers and also on iPhones and iPOD touch
-It concentrates more on the "digital lifestyle" instead of compatibility with other equipment.
-However, because of it's Unix base, it is compatible w/ most.
-The MAC OS X has "widgets" which are in essence, like the icons on a windows pc.
Letter from Bill Veghte
-"Windows XP will be supported until 2014"
-"Windows 7 wll be out in January 2010"
****Muddiest question*****
If Unix is so good, why isn't it used in all computers?
-Unix was widely used by companies or universities until the 1990s when the home PC became fast enough to support it.
-Linus was then developed to use the Unix OS on a PC.
-The writers of Linus were careful to use POSIX standards to provide consistency.
-Bell Labs developed the Unix system with the idea that it could run from a basic Kernal that is system specific then the rest would be open source code that could be used by any system.
-Linux can also be used on PDAs, mobiles and wrist watches.
-Developers have made Linux to resemble windows to make it user friendly.
-Open Source software can be adapted to serve the users needs.
-Linux is free and can be used on any hardware platform, but can be confusing to beginners.
-Linux is written in C programming language.
MAC OS X
-It is am implementation on UNIX in Nextstep.
-It was developed by Steve Jobs.
-It is used on the computers and also on iPhones and iPOD touch
-It concentrates more on the "digital lifestyle" instead of compatibility with other equipment.
-However, because of it's Unix base, it is compatible w/ most.
-The MAC OS X has "widgets" which are in essence, like the icons on a windows pc.
Letter from Bill Veghte
-"Windows XP will be supported until 2014"
-"Windows 7 wll be out in January 2010"
****Muddiest question*****
If Unix is so good, why isn't it used in all computers?
Tuesday, September 2, 2008
Week 1 Assignment
Information Literacy and Information Technology Literacy: New Components in the Curriculum for a Digital Culture--Clifford Lynch
-content and communication are parts of information literacy
information literacy therefore includes, "authoring, information finding and organization, the research process, and information analysis, assessment and evaluation".
-tools in information technology are word processing, spreadsheets, basic operation of computers and basic Internet tools
-Also understanding how the technologies, systems and infrastructure works is important
-A level of confidence in using the tools is also an important part of Info literacy
-Info Literacy includes text, images and multimedia
Lied Library @four years: technology never stands still--Jason Vaughan
-This article outlines all the changes that UNLVs Lied Library has gone through to keep up with current technological advances from 2001 to 2004.
-In 2001 the Library came into existence with the most current technology possible.
-In 2003, the Library revamped all of the computer system with 600 new computers and new software packages. The students are also able to check out lap tops to use within the Library.
-Deepfreeze software, erases all downloaded information that a student may use on the library's computers. It also takes off all cookies.
-Some challenges included that of space for staff offices, a workroom space and the temperature regulations in the computer area.
-Other challenges were theft of the computers, which they eliminated by using security cameras.
2004 Information Format Trends: Content, Not Containers---OCLC
-"Digital content is often syndicated instead of being prepackaged and distributed, and access is provided on an as-needed basis to the information consumer by providers outside the library space."
-Content can be made available in many formats, tried out by consumers before purchase then when correct information is found the information can be bought in its entirety.
-People can "self-publish" their work to spread the word about what they are doing.
-McLuhan, in 1964, said the medium is the message, not the container in which the info is dispersed.
-People are paying for smaller amounts of content, for example ring tones.
-Some examples of social publishing by individuals or groups w/o controls are wikis and blogs
-Print books and magazines have seen a drop in sales and e-book distribution is rising.
-As more scholarly journals are digitized, more research will be published.
-"Libraries should move beyond the role of collector and organizer of content, print and digital, to one that establishes the authenticity and provenance of content"
****Muddiest Question****
Is it realistic to think that every young person is going to be competent in understanding how the technologies and systems work without specialized training?
-content and communication are parts of information literacy
information literacy therefore includes, "authoring, information finding and organization, the research process, and information analysis, assessment and evaluation".
-tools in information technology are word processing, spreadsheets, basic operation of computers and basic Internet tools
-Also understanding how the technologies, systems and infrastructure works is important
-A level of confidence in using the tools is also an important part of Info literacy
-Info Literacy includes text, images and multimedia
Lied Library @four years: technology never stands still--Jason Vaughan
-This article outlines all the changes that UNLVs Lied Library has gone through to keep up with current technological advances from 2001 to 2004.
-In 2001 the Library came into existence with the most current technology possible.
-In 2003, the Library revamped all of the computer system with 600 new computers and new software packages. The students are also able to check out lap tops to use within the Library.
-Deepfreeze software, erases all downloaded information that a student may use on the library's computers. It also takes off all cookies.
-Some challenges included that of space for staff offices, a workroom space and the temperature regulations in the computer area.
-Other challenges were theft of the computers, which they eliminated by using security cameras.
2004 Information Format Trends: Content, Not Containers---OCLC
-"Digital content is often syndicated instead of being prepackaged and distributed, and access is provided on an as-needed basis to the information consumer by providers outside the library space."
-Content can be made available in many formats, tried out by consumers before purchase then when correct information is found the information can be bought in its entirety.
-People can "self-publish" their work to spread the word about what they are doing.
-McLuhan, in 1964, said the medium is the message, not the container in which the info is dispersed.
-People are paying for smaller amounts of content, for example ring tones.
-Some examples of social publishing by individuals or groups w/o controls are wikis and blogs
-Print books and magazines have seen a drop in sales and e-book distribution is rising.
-As more scholarly journals are digitized, more research will be published.
-"Libraries should move beyond the role of collector and organizer of content, print and digital, to one that establishes the authenticity and provenance of content"
****Muddiest Question****
Is it realistic to think that every young person is going to be competent in understanding how the technologies and systems work without specialized training?
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